亲属类移民的两组签证类别，即直系亲属类别和家庭优先类别，是根据美国移民法的条例，具体指移民和国籍法案（INA）规定的。您可以浏览下表签证类别目录（英文）了解更多关于这两种移民签证类别，以及其他移民美国的签证类别。
申请直系亲属或家庭优先类别的移民签证，需按照移民签证程序（英文）指引的步骤进行申请。当您完成所述步骤， 请参阅美国国家签证中心（NVC）发送给您的指引，以及从usvisas.state.gov(英文)网页获取更详细的指引。
Directory of Visa Categories
The purpose of your intended travel and other facts will determine what type of visa is required under U.S. immigration law. As a visa applicant, you will need to establish that you meet all requirements to receive the category of visa for which you are applying. When you apply at a U.S embassy or consulate, a consular officer will determine based on laws, whether you are eligible to receive a visa, and if so, which visa category is appropriate.
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The chart below contains many different purposes of temporary travel and the related nonimmigrant visa categories available on this website. Select a visa category below to learn more:
Purpose of Travel | Visa Category | Required: Before applying for visa* |
Athlete, amateur or professional (competing for prize money only) | B-1 | (NA) |
Au pair (exchange visitor) | J | SEVIS |
Australian professional specialty | E-3 | DOL |
Border Crossing Card: Mexico | BCC | (NA) |
Business visitor | B-1 | (NA) |
CNMI-only transitional worker | CW-1 | (USCIS) |
Crewmember | D | (NA) |
Diplomat or foreign government official | A | (NA) |
Domestic employee or nanny - must be accompanying a foreign national employer | B-1 | (NA) |
Employee of a designated international organization or NATO | G1-G5, NATO | (NA) |
Exchange visitor | J | SEVIS |
Foreign military personnel stationed in the United States | A-2 | (NA) |
Foreign national with extraordinary ability in Sciences, Arts, Education, Business or Athletics | O | USCIS |
Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Professional: | H-1B1 - Chile H-1B1 - Singapore | DOL |
International cultural exchange visitor | Q | USCIS |
Intra-company transferee | L | USCIS |
Medical treatment, visitor for | B-2 | (NA) |
Media, journalist | I | (NA) |
NAFTA professional worker: Mexico, Canada | TN/TD | (NA) |
Performing athlete, artist, entertainer | P | USCIS |
Physician | J , H-1B | SEVIS |
Professor, scholar, teacher (exchange visitor) | J | SEVIS |
Religious worker | R | USCIS |
Specialty occupations in fields requiring highly specialized knowledge | H-1B | DOL then USCIS |
Student: academic, vocational | F, M | SEVIS |
Temporary agricultural worker | H-2A | DOL then USCIS |
Temporary worker performing other services or labor of a temporary or seasonal nature. | H-2B | DOL then USCIS |
Tourism, vacation, pleasure visitor | B-2 | (NA) |
Training in a program not primarily for employment | H-3 | USCIS |
Treaty trader/treaty investor | E | (NA) |
Transiting the United States | C | (NA) |
Victim of Criminal Activity | U | USCIS |
Victim of Human Trafficking | T | USCIS |
| Nonimmigrant (V) Visa for Spouse and Children of a Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR) | V | (NA) |
Renewals in the U.S. - A, G, and NATO Visas | (NA) |
*What the abbreviations above mean - Before applying for a visa at a U.S. embassy or consulate, the following is required:
DOL = The U.S. employer must obtain foreign labor certification from the U.S. Department of Labor, prior to filing a petition with USCIS.
USCIS = U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) approval of a petition or application (The required petition or application depends on the visa category you plan to apply for.)
SEVIS = Program approval entered in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS)
(NA) = Not Applicable - Additional approval by another U.S. government agency is not required prior to applying for a visa
Important Notes:
About this chart – It is not a complete list of all travel purposes for the visa category. Select a visa category webpage for more information. The chart lists almost all nonimmigrant visa categories, with the exception of several not listed above. Refer to the Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 402.1 for all nonimmigrant visa categories.
Canadian NAFTA Professional workers – A visa not required; apply to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at border port of entry.
K nonimmigrant visas – For U.S. citizen fiancé(e) and spouse for immigration related purposes. Refer to Immigrant Visa Categories.
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The chart below contains different purposes for immigrating to the United States, and the related immigrant visa categories for which information is available on this website. Select a visa category below to learn more:
Immediate Relative & Family Sponsored | Visa Category |
Spouse of a U.S. Citizen | IR1, CR1 |
Spouse of a U.S. Citizen awaiting approval of an I-130 immigrant petition | K-3 * |
Fiancé(e) to marry U.S. Citizen & live in U.S. | K-1 * |
Intercountry Adoption of Orphan Children by U.S. Citizens | IR3, IH3, IR4, IH4 |
Certain Family Members of U.S. Citizens | IR2, CR2, IR5, F1, F3, F4 |
Certain Family Members of Lawful Permanent Residents | F2A, F2B |
Employer Sponsored – Employment | |
Employment-Based Immigrants, including (preference group):
| E2 E3, EW3 C5, T5, R5, I5 S (many**) |
Religious Workers | SD, SR |
Iraqi and Afghan Translators/Interpreters | SI |
Iraqis Who Worked for/on Behalf of the U.S. Government | SQ |
Afghans Who Worked for/on Behalf of the U.S. Government | SQ |
Other Immigrants | |
Diversity Immigrant Visa | DV |
Returning Resident | SB |
Important Notes:
*K Visas – Listed with immigrant visas because they are for immigration related purposes.
About this chart - This chart is a list of many immigrant visa categories, but not every immigrant visa category.
**Refer to the Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 502.1 for a listing of all immigrant visa categories.
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